Kalvisolai - No 1 Educational Website in Tamil Nadu: CHIEF EDUCATIONAL OFFICERS-TAMIL NADU

Kalvisolai - No 1 Educational Website in Tamil Nadu: CHIEF EDUCATIONAL OFFICERS-TAMIL NADU



ஸ்ரீ எனும் எழுத்து "தமிழ் எழுத்து" இலக்கணப்படி அமையவில்லை; அதனால் ஊர்கள், தெருக்களின் பெயர்களில் அதன் பயன்பாட்டை தவிர்த்துக் கொள்ள வேண்டும்.



வகுப்பு - 2 பருவம் 3 ல் உள்ள வடமொழி எழுத்துக்கான உச்சரிப்பில் இருக்கும் ஸ்ரீ-யை (க்ஷ-வை அகற்றியதைப்போல்) அகற்றிட வேண்டும்.

The Unicode Blog: Unicode Discussion Forum

T

: Sir,

The planes 03 to 13 (03 to D) are vacant.

These planes may be thought of, for Syllabary languages, to allot code spaces exclusively for syllables, so that the computing skill of these languages improves substantially, in as much as the definition of alphabet includes syllables also. (vide core specification 4.10: the Unicode Standard  includes  various “alphabets”  and “syllabaries,”  it also includes writing systems that fall  somewhere in  between.  As  a result,  no attempt is made to draw  a sharp  property  distinction between letters  and  syllables)

At present, these languages suffer a lot by spending memory, enormously, for each syllable [3 bytes (base alphabet) + 3 bytes (vowel sign or diacritic or combining character) + 1 to 3 bytes for instructions to combine them, 7 to 10 bytes for each syllable]

This can be avoided and made memory efficient for Indic languages (for example) by allotting code spaces to Indic Syllables and later deprecating the redundant vowel signs, diacritics, combined characters and the these languages made computer skilled.

The ISO is expected to guide the Unicode Consortium to take suitable action in this regard for syllabic Languages, making use of vacant planes.

The Government of India and other Governments, in Asia, are to take necessary urgent action to approach the ISO / IEC and Unicode Consortium, to get code spaces for syllables of their languages, making use of vacant planes.

The Unicode Consortium is also expected to test and remove the bugs, if exists, and satisfy the vacant planes are bug proof D

“One World – One Calendar” – English Fundamental Calendar

“One World – One Calendar” – English Fundamental Calendar

1. Fundamentals of Calendars

There should be only one Calendar, world over. It should be a basic Calendar. That basic Calendar should be based on Astronomy only. Now there are calendar for each and every language, including Tamil,  These Calendars are not base Calendars. They are linked with astrology and Zodiac Sign, which are not correct. These astrology and Zodiac signs can be done separately and prediction made by the people who are interested. The year beginning date, for each and every calendar, is now, differently given. .the detail are given below;

2. Indian National Calendar  

The year beginning for Indian National Calendar is fixed on March 21/22 ((Chaitra 1). This Indian National Calendar is utilized for Rashtriya Panchang purposes. The Sanskrit names are used for the months in this Calendar. It is understood that this Calendar is used for fixing religious days.  The details are given below:   

	Month (Sanskrit)	Length	Start date (Gregorian)	Tropical Zodiac
1	Chaitra	30/31	March 22*	Aries
2	Vaishākha	31	April 21	Taurus
3	Jyaishtha	31	May 22	Gemini
4	Āshādha	31	June 22	Cancer
5	Shrāvana	31	July 23	Leo
6	Bhādrapada	31	August 23	Virgo
7	Āshvini	30	September 23	Libra
8	Kārtika	30	October 23	Scorpio
9	Agrahayana	30	November 22	Sagitarius
10	Pausha	30	December 22	Capricorn
11	Māgha	30	January 21	Aquarius
12	Phālguna	30	February 20	Pisces

This Calendar is based on the orbit of the earth around the sun, and the orbit of Earth passes on the East/top/west/bottom of Sun. But the East and west of the Sun is different from the east and west of the Earth and they vary by 23.5 degrees.  

3. The Calendars linked with Constellation and Zodiac Signs:

A calender has been formulated fixing the new year on April 14 by adding 23 days with March, 21, which is  the beginning of the new year for Indian National Calendar. In this Calendar, has been linked with Constellation of stars and Zodiac Signs. Out of the total 360 Degrees, 30 Degrees have been equally distributed for each of the 12 Zodiac Sign. The year beginning of the Tamil calendar, which is formulated as said above, is fixed on April 14 (Chithirai 1). Based on Constellation and Zodiac Signs, the year beginning is fixed on April 14, for the States of Bihar, Kerala, Panjab, West Bengal, etc. These Calendars are based on Solar Years. The year beginning is fixed on March/April, for the States of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, etc, and these Calendars are based on Luni-Solar Years. The year beginning for the States of Gujarat and Rajasthan is fixed during October/November on the next day of Deepavali. The year beginning for the State of Jammu and Kashmir is fixed on March 19. The details of Constellations and Zodiac Signs are given below;  

4. Table of Zodiac Signs

Rashi (solar months)	Ritu (season)	Gregorian months	Zodiac
Mesha	Vasant (spring)	March/April	Aries
Vrishabha		April/May	Taurus
Mithuna	Grishma (summer)	May/June	Gemini
Karkata		June/July	Cancer
Simha	Varsha (monsoon)	July/Aug	Leo
Kanya		Aug/Sept	Virgo
Tula	Sharad (autumn)	Sept/Oct	Libra
Vrishchika		Oct/Nov	Scorpius
Dhanur	Hemanta (autumn-winter)	Nov/Dec.	Sagittarius
Makara		Dec/Jan	Capricornus
Kumbha	Shishir (Winter-Spring)	Jan/Feb	Aquarius
Meena		Feb/Mar	Pisces

5.  History of English Calendar Year

As per ancient Roman calendar, the year beginning was on March 1. there were only 10 months for a n year. Rome King II, Numa Pompilius, added two more months of January and February and made 12 months for an year. Rome King Julius Caesar made the year beginning, first time, as January 1, during BC 46.  there after, the year beginning was changed to March 25 and then to December 25. It was roughly calculated as 365.25 days per year and so every fourth year was made as leap year with 366 days.

Before 1582 Julian calendar was being followed by England. In this, a leap year was introduced having February 29 days and 365.25 days for one year (approximately). Mr. Aloysius Lilius of Italy, who was a scientist, proposed, on during February for every 100^th year except the 400 th year, to have a normal year, instead of leap year. This has made 365.24219 days for one year (near accurate) scientifically and this calendar was inaugurated by Pope, Gregory, during 1582. However, England did not accept this proposal, and continued to use Julius Calendar, until 1752.  I Rome and certain other Countries, Gregorian calendar was being followed. This Gregorian calendar was enforced during 1782 in England and its colonial territories, including India and America. All the countries, thereafter, agreed to use this Gregorian calendar. Vide Wikipedia Site under Calendar Head.

6 English Calendar – An International calendar

This English (Gregorian) Calendar is not formulated on the basis of East / West directions of the Sun therefore there does not arise any discrepancy in the directions. This Calendar does not link Astrology and the Constellations. This calendar is purely formulated on the basis of the Perihelion position on the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. Every year, Perihelion occurs on date, lying in the range January 2 to 7 and the year beginning is fixed on January 1, by Mr. Aloysius Lilius of Italy, duly ensuring that, in no occasion the Perihelion, falls, beyond January, in December. This Calendar is being adopted for all financial activities and for payment of salaries. Now, this Calendar is officially authoritative for use, internationally.

7. “One World – One calendar”

Week days are known by the respective local language name. Sunday means all over the day is known as Sunday But Months and dates are not to known by local language months and dates. January 1 means all over it should known as January 1, by respective local languages. Then only it will be respectful to the local language and people.

In Tamil Nadu, January 1 should Thai 1 (தை) and in other States, India, should be integrated as noted in the table below. By renaming the English Calender as Thiruvalluvar calender, the official and financial activities In India, should be performed in their respective local languages.  

8. Table merging all calendars

English Calendar localised and renamed as Thiruvalluvar Calendar, in India.

S.No	English (Gregorian) Month	Date	Tamil Nadu			Other Indian States / Other Countries of United Nations
			Equivalent Month	Date	Total Days	Equivalent Month	Date	Total Days
1	January	1	Thai	1	31	1st  Month	1	31
2	February	1	Masi	1	28/29	2nd  Month	1	28/29
3	March	1	Panguni	1	31	3rd  Month	1	31
4	April	1	Chithirai	1	30	4th  Month	1	30
5	May	1	Vaikasi	1	31	5th  Month	1	31
6	June	1	Ani	1	30	6th  Month	1	30
7	July	1	Adi	1	31	7th  Month	1	31
8	August	1	Avani	1	31	8th  Month	1	31
9	September	1	Puratasi	1	30	9th  Month	1	30
10	October	1	Iypasi	1	31	10th  Month	1	31
11	November	1	Karthikai	1	30	11th  Month	1	30
12	December	1	Markazhi	1	31	12th  Month	1	31

.

For facilitating, the implementation of Thiruvalluvar Calendar, still easier, the difference between English and Thiruvalluvar Era, being 31 years, and very very small when compared to thousands of year, the difference may be neglected and the English Era may be continued for Thiruvalluvar era also. Indian National Calendar for Rashtriya Panchang has adopted Sanskrit months, Sanskrit being a Classical language. Similarly, The Tamil months may be adopted for Official and financial purposes as per Thiruvalluvar Calendar. However, in English documents, the use of English months can be continued.  

The Tamil Nadu Government should recommend this proposal to the government of India. Indian Government should consider to accept this proposal and issue orders and implement the proposals, and made applicable for the past, present and future activities, retrospectively, in all the States and in central government.. The Government of India should consider and recommend this proposal to United Nations, for adoption by all member countries of United Nations.